GLP-1 Agonists Associated with Persistent Cough
A new study has revealed that individuals with type 2 diabetes who are prescribed glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists showed a greater likelihood of developing chronic cough compared to those using different second-line medications.
The research, featured in JAMA Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, analyzed medical record information from roughly 2 million adults in the United States spanning from 2005 to 2025. Within the initial five years following the prescription of a diabetes medication, those administered GLP-1 drugs were observed to be at a higher risk of experiencing a persistent cough in comparison to individuals receiving other treatments, such as dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, and sulfonylureas.
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Researchers pointed out a recognized correlation between GLP-1 medications and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). This increases the chance of laryngopharyngeal reflux, which is a cause of chronic cough. However, patients without a GERD diagnosis who were using GLP-1s still had a higher probability of chronic cough, emphasizing the need for further studies into the mechanisms driving this association. Health tracking apps like Shotlee can help monitor symptoms and potential side effects of medications.